Sign the back of the check in the endorsement area, which is the blank white space on the reverse side near the top
The endorsement area is a strip about one inch tall running across the back of the check. It usually has a line or printed text that says "Endorse here" or similar language. This is where you write your signature — the same way you sign your name on documents and bank cards.
Your signature must match the name printed on the front of the check exactly. If the check is made out to "James Robert Smith" and you sign "Jim Smith," the bank may refuse to cash it. If your name has changed since the IRS issued the refund, you may need to bring documentation of the name change along with your ID when you deposit or cash the check.
Sign in blue or black ink only. Pencil, gel pens, or other colors can cause the check to be rejected by the bank's processing system.
Key Takeaways
- The endorsement area is the blank space on the back of the check near the top, usually marked with a line or "Endorse here" text.
- Your signature must match the name printed on the front of the check exactly as it appears.
- Use only blue or black ink — pencil and other colors will cause the bank to reject the check.
- If the check is made out to two people, both must sign unless one person has power of attorney over the other.
- Do not sign the check until you are at the bank or store where you plan to cash or deposit it.
What to do if the check is made out to two names
If the check says "and" between two names — for example, "Pay to the order of Sarah Chen and Michael Chen" — both people must sign the back. The bank will not cash or deposit it with only one signature. If one person is unavailable or unwilling to sign, you will need a power of attorney document signed by that person authorizing you to endorse checks on their behalf.
If the check says "or" between two names instead of "and," either person can sign alone. This is less common on tax refunds but does occur in some cases.
Where to cash or deposit the check after signing
You can deposit a signed tax refund check at any bank or credit union where you have an account. You do not need to use the bank that issued the check. Bring your ID and the signed check to a teller, or use your bank's mobile app to photograph and deposit the check remotely if that option is available.
You can also cash the check at many retail stores, including grocery stores and pharmacies, though they may charge a small fee. Walmart, Target, and most supermarkets offer check-cashing services. Bring your ID and the signed check to the customer service desk. The fee is usually between $2 and $5 for a government check.
Some banks and check-cashing services may hold the funds for a few business days before making them available in your account, even after you have signed and submitted the check. This is called a hold, and the length varies by institution.
Timing: when to sign and when not to
Do not sign the check until you are ready to cash or deposit it. A signed check is as good as cash — anyone who has it can potentially use it. If you sign it early and then lose it, someone else could cash it in your name.
If you receive the check in the mail and plan to deposit it the same day, you can sign it right away. If you will wait a few days, wait to sign until you are about to go to the bank or store.
What happens if you sign in the wrong place
If you sign on the front of the check or in the wrong area on the back, the bank's automated processing system may reject it. The check will be returned to you, and you will need to obtain a new one or have the bank manually process it, which takes longer.
If you make a mistake while signing — such as misspelling your name or using the wrong ink — do not cross it out or write over it. Contact the IRS or your state tax authority to request a replacement check. The phone number is on your refund status letter or on the IRS website.
If the check is damaged or the signature area is unclear
If the check arrives torn, water-damaged, or with the endorsement area smudged or illegible, do not attempt to sign it. Take it to your bank and explain the damage. The bank can contact the IRS to request a replacement check on your behalf, or you can call the IRS directly.
Keep the damaged check in case the IRS asks you to return it. Do not throw it away or attempt to tape it back together.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can someone else sign my tax refund check for me?
No, unless they have a power of attorney document signed by you. A power of attorney gives another person legal authority to sign checks and conduct financial transactions on your behalf. Without it, only you can endorse the check. If you are unable to sign due to illness or disability, contact your bank about obtaining a power of attorney.
What if I already cashed the check but forgot to sign it?
If the bank or store cashed an unsigned check, the transaction is complete and the funds are yours. This sometimes happens at retail locations with less strict verification. You do not need to do anything further.
Can I deposit the check without signing it?
No. Banks and check-cashing services require your signature on the back before they will process the check. An unsigned check will be rejected.
What if my name on the check does not match my ID?
Bring both the check and your ID to the bank and explain the discrepancy. If your name changed due to marriage, divorce, or legal name change, bring documentation of that change. The bank may require additional verification before cashing or depositing the check.
How long does it take for the money to appear after I sign and deposit the check?
This depends on your bank and the type of account. Most banks make government checks available within one to three business days. Some banks hold checks longer. Ask your bank about their specific hold policy when you deposit the check.