Documents and information you'll need to bring

To open a checking account at a bank or credit union, you need a government-issued photo ID, proof of your current address, and your Social Security number or Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN). Most banks will ask for all three before they open the account.

The photo ID can be a driver's license, passport, state ID card, or military ID. The address proof is usually a recent utility bill, lease agreement, or bank statement with your name and current address on it—typically dated within the last 60 days. If you don't have a recent bill in your name, some banks will accept a government letter addressed to you, like a tax notice or benefits statement.

You'll also need to decide on the type of account you want—a basic checking account, interest-bearing checking, or a student or senior account if you meet those criteria. Have a starting deposit amount in mind, though many banks no longer require a minimum to open.

Key Takeaways

  • You must bring a government photo ID, proof of your current address, and your Social Security number or ITIN to open an account.
  • Address proof should be a recent utility bill, lease, or government letter dated within the last 60 days with your name on it.
  • Banks and credit unions have different minimum deposit requirements—some have none, while others require $25 to $100 to start.
  • You can open an account in person at a branch, online through the bank's website, or by phone with some institutions.
  • If you have a history of overdrafts or closed accounts reported to ChexSystems, some banks may deny you, but second-chance accounts exist for this situation.

What happens if you don't have a photo ID

If you don't have a driver's license or passport, you can use a state ID card, which most states issue through the DMV. If you have neither and cannot get one quickly, some banks and credit unions will open an account using other forms of identification—a tribal ID, consular ID, or even a combination of documents like a birth certificate plus a utility bill.

Call the bank directly and ask what alternative documents they accept. Credit unions are often more flexible than large national banks on this point. If you're turned down at one institution, try a different bank or a local credit union—their policies vary.

Minimum deposits and account fees

The amount you need to deposit to open an account varies by bank. Many large national banks no longer require a minimum deposit, meaning you can open an account with $0 and add money later. Some banks require $25, $50, or $100 to start. Credit unions sometimes have higher minimums, ranging from $25 to $500, though this varies widely.

Ask about monthly maintenance fees, overdraft fees, and ATM fees before you commit. Some banks charge $10 to $15 per month for a basic checking account; others waive the fee if you maintain a minimum balance or set up direct deposit. Overdraft fees typically run $25 to $35 per transaction. Online banks and credit unions often have lower or no fees than brick-and-mortar branches.

Opening an account online versus in person

Many banks let you open a checking account entirely online through their website. You'll upload photos of your ID and address proof, enter your information, and fund the account by linking another bank account or using a debit card. The whole process usually takes 10 to 15 minutes, and your account opens the same day or within 24 hours.

Opening in person at a branch takes longer—usually 30 minutes to an hour—but a banker can answer questions on the spot and help you choose the right account type. Some banks still require an in-person visit if you're opening certain account types or if you're a new customer with no prior relationship to the bank. Phone-based opening is less common but available at some credit unions and online banks.

If you've been denied before or have banking history issues

Banks check ChexSystems, a database that tracks closed accounts, overdrafts, and fraud reports. If you have a history of overdrafts, bounced checks, or accounts closed due to negative balances, you may be denied at mainstream banks. This doesn't mean you can't open an account—it means you need to find a bank that offers second-chance checking.

Second-chance accounts are designed for people with banking problems in their past. They often come with higher fees, lower ATM networks, and stricter overdraft policies, but they let you rebuild your banking history. Credit unions, online banks, and some regional banks offer these accounts. Ask the bank directly whether they report to ChexSystems and whether they offer second-chance options.

What to bring if you're opening a joint account

If you're opening an account with another person, both of you need to be present (in person or online, depending on the bank's policy) and bring your own photo ID, proof of address, and Social Security number or ITIN. Some banks allow one person to open the account and add the other person later, but most require both account holders to sign during the opening process.

Decide in advance whether you want the account to be "and" (both people can withdraw and manage the account) or "or" (either person can act alone). This affects how the account is titled and what happens if one person dies or the relationship ends. Ask the banker to explain the difference before you sign.

After your account opens

Once your account is open, the bank will issue you a debit card, usually within 7 to 10 business days. You'll receive online banking login credentials immediately or within 24 hours. Set up your online account right away so you can check your balance, transfer money, and set up bill pay or direct deposit.

If you need checks, order them through the bank's website or ask for them at the branch. Checks typically arrive within 5 to 10 business days. Many people no longer use checks regularly, but they're still useful for rent, utilities, or other payments that don't accept cards or electronic transfers.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I open a checking account if I don't have a Social Security number?

Yes. You can use an Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN) instead, which the IRS issues to people who are not may be able to access for a Social Security number. Bring your ITIN documentation along with your photo ID and address proof. Not all banks accept ITINs, so call ahead to confirm.

What if I don't have a recent utility bill for address proof?

A lease agreement, mortgage statement, or government letter (tax notice, benefits statement, court document) dated within the last 60 days works instead. If none of those are available, ask the bank what other documents they accept—some will take a letter from your employer or landlord on letterhead confirming your address.

How long does it take to open an account online?

Online account opening usually takes 10 to 15 minutes to complete. Your account opens the same day or within 24 hours. Your debit card arrives by mail in 7 to 10 business days, but you can use your account number and routing number to set up direct deposit or transfers immediately.

What's the difference between a bank and a credit union checking account?

Credit unions are member-owned nonprofits, while banks are for-profit. Credit unions often have lower fees, higher savings rates, and more flexible lending, but smaller ATM networks. Banks have more branches and ATMs but may charge higher fees. Both offer the same deposit insurance protection up to $250,000 through FDIC or NCUA.

Can someone else open an account on my behalf?

No. You must be present (in person or online) and provide your own ID and signature. A parent or guardian can open an account for a minor child, but the child's information and Social Security number are required. You cannot authorize someone to open an account in your name without your direct participation.