Documents Required Before You Walk Into the Bank

You will need to bring your Employer Identification Number (EIN), a government-issued photo ID, and proof that your business exists. The exact paperwork depends on how your business is structured — a sole proprietorship needs different documents than an LLC or corporation. Most banks also want to see a recent business address, either a lease or utility bill, and the names and Social Security numbers of anyone with signing authority on the account.

The bank will ask you to sign signature cards and account agreements before the account opens. Some banks require these in person; others mail them after you start the process online. If you are opening the account as a representative of the business rather than the owner, bring a corporate resolution or written authorization showing you have the power to do so.

Key Takeaways

  • Your EIN, photo ID, and proof of business existence are the three documents every bank will ask for, regardless of your business structure.
  • Sole proprietors often need only a Social Security number and a DBA filing if they operate under a name different from their own.
  • LLCs and corporations must bring articles of organization or incorporation, typically filed with your state secretary of state.
  • Banks verify your identity and business legitimacy before opening the account, which usually takes one to three business days after you submit all documents.
  • If someone other than the owner will manage the account, bring written proof of their authority, such as a corporate resolution or power of attorney.

What Sole Proprietors Need to Bring

If you operate as a sole proprietor under your own name, you need your Social Security number, a government-issued photo ID, and proof of your business address. The bank will use your Social Security number as your tax ID unless you have obtained an EIN from the IRS.

If you do business under a name other than your legal name — for example, "Sarah's Consulting" instead of "Sarah Mitchell" — bring a copy of your DBA (Doing Business As) filing or trade name certificate. This document is filed with your county clerk or state secretary of state, depending on where you operate. Some banks will open the account without it if you sign an affidavit stating you are the sole owner, but having the filing on hand speeds the process.

What LLCs and Partnerships Must Provide

Bring your articles of organization or the certificate of formation filed with your state. This is the document that officially created your LLC. You can request a certified copy from your state's secretary of state office if you do not have the original, though many banks accept an uncertified copy you print from the state's online filing system.

Include an operating agreement if your bank requests one. Not all banks require this, but some want to see it to confirm who has authority to sign checks and make withdrawals. If you do not have a formal operating agreement, some banks will accept a written statement signed by all members listing who can act on behalf of the LLC.

For partnerships, bring a copy of your partnership agreement and the names and Social Security numbers of all partners. If the partnership is registered with the state, bring that registration as well.

What Corporations Need to Bring

Bring your articles of incorporation, filed with your state secretary of state. Like an LLC, you can obtain a certified copy from the state if you need one, though most banks accept a copy you download from the state's online system.

Many banks also request a corporate resolution — a document signed by the board of directors authorizing the opening of the account and naming who can sign checks. If you do not have a formal resolution, some banks will accept a letter from the board or the corporate secretary stating the same information. You will also need the names, titles, and Social Security numbers of anyone authorized to conduct business on the account.

Proof of Business Address and Identity

Bring a document showing your business operates at the address you provide to the bank. A commercial lease, utility bill in the business name, or property tax statement all work. If you operate from home, a utility bill or mortgage statement with your home address is usually sufficient. Some banks also accept a recent business license or certificate of occupancy.

For your personal identity, bring a government-issued photo ID — a driver's license, passport, or state ID card. The bank will verify the name, address, and expiration date. If you are opening the account on behalf of the business and are not the owner, bring your own ID plus written authorization from the owner or board.

EIN and Tax Documentation

Your Employer Identification Number (EIN) is a nine-digit number issued by the IRS. If your business is structured as an LLC, corporation, or partnership, you must have an EIN. Sole proprietors can use their Social Security number instead, but many choose to obtain an EIN for privacy and accounting reasons.

You can obtain an EIN for free from the IRS website (irs.gov) or by calling 1-800-829-4933. The online application takes about 15 minutes and you receive your number immediately. If you apply by phone or mail, it takes two to four weeks. Bring your EIN letter or a screenshot of your EIN confirmation when you open the account. Some banks will accept a verbal confirmation of your EIN if you have it memorized, but having written proof prevents delays.

What Happens After You Submit Your Documents

The bank will verify your identity and business information, typically by checking your documents against government records and running a background check. This process usually takes one to three business days. During this time, the bank may contact you by phone or email to confirm details or ask follow-up questions.

Once verification is complete, the bank will send you account numbers, debit cards, and check stock. Some banks mail these items; others let you pick them up in person. You can usually start using the account online or by phone before physical materials arrive, though some banks restrict transfers until checks arrive.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I need an EIN if I am a sole proprietor?

No, you can use your Social Security number as your tax ID. However, many sole proprietors obtain an EIN anyway for privacy, to separate personal and business finances, and to make hiring employees easier. The EIN is free and takes 15 minutes to request online.

What if I do not have my articles of organization yet?

Contact your state secretary of state office and request a certified copy. You can usually download an uncertified copy from the state's online filing system within hours. Most banks accept uncertified copies, but call ahead to confirm your bank's policy before you visit.

Can someone else open the account on behalf of my business?

Yes, but bring written proof of their authority, such as a corporate resolution, power of attorney, or a letter from the owner or board authorizing them to act. The bank will also need that person's government-issued photo ID and their Social Security number.

How long does it take to open a business checking account after I submit my documents?

Verification usually takes one to three business days. You may be able to use the account online before physical materials arrive, though some banks wait until checks are mailed before activating transfers.

What if the bank says my documents are incomplete?

Ask the bank to list exactly what is missing and where to obtain it. Most missing items are certified copies of formation documents or proof of business address. Your state secretary of state office can provide certified copies, usually within one to two weeks.